Sunday, 12 October 2025

Antarctic Supply Ship -HMNZS Endeavour 1 . Ex John Briscoe – Ex HMS Pretext (includes historical pics)

HMNZS Endeavour, the Antarctic expedition ship, Wellington Harbour, 1956
HMNZS Endeavour, the Antarctic expedition ship, Wellington Harbour, 1956
HMNZS Endeavour

18 minute read

Recollections from the first ENDEAVOUR

New Zealand Defence Force

from Royal New Zealand Navy | Navy Today – Issue 261, December 2021

by New Zealand Defence Force

“That image brings back memories,” says Bob Pinker, former crewman of netlayer HMNZS ENDEAVOUR (I), the Royal New Zealand Navy’s first Antarctic supply vessel.

When HMNZS AOTEAROA heads to Antarctica next year, it will be the first visit and resupply to McMurdo by an RNZN ship in over fifty years. Editor Andrew Bonallack talks to former crewmen about the first missions to Antarctica in the late fifties.

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He’s looking at the image opposite, taken in the beginning of 1958 near Cape Evans, Antarctica. “In the bow, facing aft, is Able Seaman EA ‘Tug’ Wilson, while on the left rowing is Chief Joiner E Voison.” He recognizes Able Seaman Brian ‘Brushes’ Nolan on the oars on the right, notable for being the youngest RNZN seaman to serve in the Korean War at age 16. The closest person to the camera is Able Seaman Ray Tito. A year earlier, A/B Tito had hoisted the flag at the new Scott Base, built to support New Zealand’s participation in the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1957–1958, the overland crossing of the continent by British explorer Vivian Fuchs with Sir Edmund Hillary in support.

In the picture, the crew are on their way to Scott’s Hutt at Cape Evans to screw a brass plaque to the hut. “I’m in the boat somewhere. I had a special drill the Navy gave me, and I wouldn’t lend it to Voison.”

This was during EM1 Pinker’s second trip to Antarctica, on board ENDEAVOUR I, also the ship’s second mission to the continent (1957/58). The wooden-hulled ship had been purchased and commissioned to transport and support the Expedition and a year earlier (1956/57) had transported Sir Edmund Hillary and his team, Hillary’s Massey tractors, two aircraft, dog teams and the components for Scott Base, which the ENDEAVOUR crew helped build. In the 1957/58 season, Hillary used the tractors to create supply depots between Scott Base and the Pole for Fuchs’ transcontinental journey from the opposite side of Antarctica (Hillary famously decided to continue on and reach the Pole before Fuchs). Mr Pinker ultimately did nine trips to Antarctica in his Navy career. In 1956 he remembers boarding ENDEAVOUR in Bluff in December, with 18 dogs and a load of mutton for dog food. He says ENDEAVOUR had stopped at Wellington, Lyttelton, Dunedin, apparently fundraising for the Expedition on the way down from Devonport. “We had about 50 fruitcakes donated from a local high school, and schoolgirls were knitting us gloves and scarves to take with us.” Mr Pinker had obtained a 16mm projection licence, in order for him to show movies on the trip down. “We didn’t celebrate Christmas until 29 December, when the ship stopped in the ice. I’ve got a picture of Hillary sitting on the ice next to the ship eating Christmas dinner.” He remarks that the White Ensign they sailed under was a different one than today (the Navy Ensign changed from the Royal Navy White Ensign to the New Zealand version in 1968). “I remember the crow’s nest often was in a ball of strange colours they called St Elmo’s Fire.”

His nine trips including missions in the second HMNZS ENDEAVOUR, the former USS NAMAKAGON (AOG-53) that he helped deliver from the United States to New Zealand in 1962. He says in January 1957 the USS NESPELEN (AOG-55), a sister ship to the NAMAKAGON, berthed alongside them in McMurdo Sound, and he reckons that inspired the purchase. “ENDEAVOUR I was very comfortable,” he says. “She was a diesel electric ship and a wooden ship, she wasn’t cold like a steel ship. She made very little water, and the galley got most of it. There’s no water in Antarctica. It took a gallon of diesel to make a gallon of water. But we had plenty of beer – Leopard lager.” Mr Pinker had received training in diesel electric engines in Australia, at a time when the usual propulsion was steam turbine. It made him valuable for both ENDEAVOUR I and II.

There are a variety of stories of clashes between Sir Edmund and the ship’s Commanding Officer, Captain Harry Kirkwood RN. “I remember Hillary wanted to send messages out without the Captain’s approval and the Captain said, there’s only one captain on this ship. Get down below.” This acrimony is something Ann Nolan, Brian’s widow, remembers from her husband’s stories.

Above: HMNZS ENDEAVOUR I stops for Christmas. Sir Edmund Hillary is in the dark blue on the left eating Christmas lunch. Photo supplied by Bob Pinker.

“What Captain Kirkwood said was law,” says Mrs Nolan. “He was a cleanliness fanatic which was a good thing on a ship but that is where Hillary and Kirkwood’s friendship came to grief. Hillary was not used to such a regime of cleanliness and Kirkwood’s rules were “my ship, my rules, like it or leave” and everyone accepted that except Hillary. “Captain Kirkwood loved the ship as he had captained it when it belonged to the Falklands Dependency and called the JOHN BISCOE. He was a real English gentleman and the crew referred to him as “my father”. He was such a nice man and kept in touch with Brian and I after he retired in England. He used to say that he would sail anywhere in the world on that ship.” A classmate of Mr Pinker’s, LME Mervyn Tyree, was also among the delivery crew for ENDEAVOUR II, and thinks he and Bob are the only two of that crew left alive. He also notes they are the only two people left who have stood on the decks on all three ENDEAVOURs, thanks to the pair being invited to the decommissioning of fleet tanker ENDEAVOUR III (which never went to Antarctica) in 2017. He remembers ‘bad years’ when the ice was so bad the ships couldn’t get into McMurdo. “Everything would have to be offloaded, to go into sledges towed by tractors. It could be 11 miles.” The second ENDEAVOUR was a huge improvement, he says, but it wasn’t really designed for the ice. “After one mission, you could see the ice had pushed in the hull against the ribs, all the way along.” Another former sailor, Geoffrey Bourke, was a junior watchkeeper in ENDEAVOUR I for the 1958/59 mission to Antarctica. He served in the Navy from 1951 to 1985, finishing as a Commander. He’s not so sure the ship was that comfortable. “We had bunks, but the sailors used to take their hammocks because it was more comfortable. She had a round bottom and would roll.”

From top: HMNZS ENDEAVOUR in Antarctica; Ice building up on ENDEAVOUR I (1958); Sled dogs on the deck of ENDEAVOUR I, 1958.

The crew would be acclimatised to the cold by the time they got to McMurdo. “The ship wasn’t airconditioned or any nonsense like that. It could be beautiful outside if the wind wasn’t blowing. You could be wearing a pair of shorts with heavy boots and socks, playing soccer. The penguins would come up to you, because they hadn’t seen a human before.”

When they reached McMurdo, they would come alongside the ice. “The trucks would come alongside, the stores people would unload all the stuff, and the trucks would drive back to McMurdo. It was a chain gang of trucks, going around and around until the ship left.” Two things struck him about the continent. “Mt Erebus, which looked like a hill but was higher than Mt Cook. And there’s nothing red. It takes a while for you to notice that. That’s why an orange snowcat stands out for miles and miles.”

ENDEAVOUR paid off on 7 November 1961 and was sold to Shaw Steam Ship Co. in Canada the following year. Renamed ARCTIC ENDEAVOUR, she was used for sealing in the Arctic until she sank at her moorings in November 1982 and was broken up in 1983. ENDEAVOUR II decommissioned in 1971.

From top: The crew photograph Emperor penguins (1958); British explorer Vivian Fuchs’ Tucker 6.5-tonne Sno-cats are loaded onto ENDEAVOUR I, not long after the successful overland crossing of Antarctica (completed 2 March 1958).

HMNZS Endeavour was a Royal New Zealand Navy Antarctic support vessel. She was the first of three ships in the Royal New Zealand Navy to bear that name.

The ship was built in the United States in 1944 as Satinwood (YN-89) as a net tender of the Ailanthus class (but later redesignated as AN-76, a net layer) and transferred to the Royal Navy under Lend-Lease in August 1944. Commissioned as HMS Pretext (Z284), she served the United Kingdom until she was returned to United States Navy custody in November 1945. Sold by the United States Maritime Commission in 1947, she served as a research vessel for the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey under the name SV John Biscoe. She was briefly renamed Pretext when another ship was assigned the John Biscoe name, before being sold to the Royal New Zealand Navy, renamed Endeavour, and employed in supporting the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition and subsequent New Zealand research activities in Antarctica. Sold again in 1962, the ship, renamed Arctic Endeavour for sealing work in the northern hemisphere, foundered off the coast of Canada in November 1982.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMNZS_Endeavour_(1944)



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Saturday, 11 October 2025

Taranaki businesses eye up defence spending opportunities

Helen Harvey – October 11, 2025

Extending the life of the Royal New Zealand Navy frigate HMNZS Te Kaha is part of the Defence Capability Plan.NZ Defence Force

Taranaki businesses are hoping the region’s collective expertise in engineering and innovation can secure them lucrative projects from the Government’s $12 billion Defence Capability Plan.

In April, the Government announced ambitious plans to invest $12b into defence over the next four years.

The money, which involved $9b in new spending, included new maritime helicopters and armoured vehicles, investment in software, replacing the Boeing 757 fleet and extending the life of the frigates.



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Friday, 10 October 2025

New Zealand Defence Force introduces new emergency response vehicles for Joint Military Police Unit

Soldiers, sailors and aviators stand in front of a fleet of 4×4 vehicles by the edge of the water at Devonport Naval Base. Photo: NZDF

The New Zealand Defence Force has introduced 18 new emergency response vehicles into service to support Joint Military Police Unit personnel during a ceremony at Devonport Naval Base.

The new Ford Rangers are designed to assist Joint Military Police Unit (JMPU) personnel as they undertake a range of tasks within NZDF camps, bases and training areas, and will provide assistance during civil emergency and natural disaster responses.

The vehicles cover a range of modern policing capabilities, such as speed and alcohol detection, investigation equipment, and immediate first aid support such as automated electronic defibrillators. New vehicles will be rolled out elsewhere in New Zealand in late October.

Commander Joint Support Group, Colonel Ant Blythen confirmed that the new fleet of universal response vehicles arrived on time and within budget.

“The introduction of the new vehicles is a great step forward for the NZDF policing capability with modern, fit-for-purpose vehicles,” Colonel Blythen said.

“Getting these vehicles into service is the result of a lot of work by the Headquarters JSG Logistics Cell and JMPU working with Capability Branch and Defence Equipment Management Organisation.”

JMPU responsibilities include crime prevention, incident response services and a fundamental mission to increase community safety and wellbeing and maintain the military justice system.

Staff have previously used a mixed fleet of seven different vehicle types, some approaching end-of-life timing.



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Tuesday, 7 October 2025

In Memoriam – HMNZS Manuka Pennant numbers: T19, T401, WN82 – 73 years ago on 4 October 1952, while anchored in Port Hutt, Manuka sunk at her moorings. There was nobody aboard when she sank


HMNZS Manuka was one of three composite New Zealand-built Castle-class trawlers commissioned by the Royal New Zealand Navy during World War II.

Background

The vessel was ordered after the New Zealand government, facing a requirement for more minesweepers to operate in home waters, chose the Castle-class design because it was simple enough to be built with the country’s limited ship construction facilities at the time.[1]

Construction

Manuka was laid down on 21 October 1940 and was of a composite design, using Kauri wood due to a shortage of steel at the time. [2] Manuka was launched on 23 September 1941, being built by Mason Bros Engineering Co, located at Auckland.[3] Being the third naval ship launched in New Zealand for the Royal New Zealand Navy.

Operational history

Manuka was the third of four composite minesweepers constructed for the Royal New Zealand Navy and was commissioned on 30 March 1942. The others were HinauRimu, and TawhaiManuka served in the LL Group (later renamed to the 194th Auxiliary Minesweeping Division)[4] which was located at Auckland.

Post-war

In 1946, Manuka was leased to the Chatham Island Fishing Company, under the condition that she would only be used in New Zealand waters, and that she would be given back to the navy in case of an emergency.[5] Manuka would follow fishing fleets, working the coast that was sheltered.[6] At the end of the day the fishing trawlers would discharge their catches onto Manuka, where they would weigh, clean and process the fish. When she was full, she would sail to Wellington, often carrying radios for repair, and mail.[6] When the vessel returned it would carry supplies for the Chatham islanders.[6] As time went by while in service, there would be more and more problems with the boiler on Manuka. to the point where she would need a replacement.[6] Over the course of her career she would also run aground multiple times while fishing.[7] In 1950, Manuka was moored in Port Hutt, acting as a floating freezer, with local trawlers storing their catches onboard. [6] On 4 October 1952, while anchored in Port Hutt, Manuka sunk at her moorings. There was nobody aboard when she sank.[5]

References

  1.  “HMNZS Waiho Castle-Class Minesweeper”National Museum of the Royal New Zealand Navy. 6 October 2015. Archived from the original on 21 December 2009. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  2.  “CHAPTER 12 — Minesweeping in New Zealand Waters | NZETC”nzetc.victoria.ac.nz. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
  3.  “THIRD MINESWEEPER”paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  4.  “CHAPTER 18 — The Minesweeping Flotillas | NZETC”nzetc.victoria.ac.nz. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  5.  Hodge, D. W (30 August 1977). “Light restoration brings memories”The Press. p. 31. Retrieved 11 November 2023 – via PapersPast.
  6.  Makarios, Emmanuel (1996). Nets, Lines and Pots: A history of New Zealand fishing vessels (2nd ed.). New Zealand: IPL Books. ISBN 9780908876013


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Thursday, 2 October 2025

New Zealand NH90 helicopters fly record distance across Tasman Sea

By Nick Lee-Frampton – Oct 1, 2025, 11:18 PM

Royal New Zealand Air Force NH90 helicopters fly in formation in this undated photo. (RNZAF photo)

WELLINGTON, New Zealand — Two Royal New Zealand Air Force NH90 helicopters have flown from Australia to New Zealand on a two-day, record-breaking journey for the aircraft, which each carried two 1,100lb external fuel tanks, according to the service.

The aircraft flew from Royal Australian Air Force Base Amberley, near Brisbane, via Norfolk Island, to RNZAF Base Auckland, a distance of 1,765 miles over water. The longest leg of the trip, 660 miles, took around four and a half hours.

Both of the 3 Squadron aircraft landed safely home at RNZAF Base Ohakea Sept. 30.

The flight broke the RNZAF NH90s’ previous over-water record, achieved at the end of last month, of 521 miles across the Coral Sea Basin between Australia and Papua New Guinea.

New Zealand’s air component commander, Air Commodore Andy Scott, said the long-distance flight was important because it demonstrated the utility of the aircraft and the ability for it to self-deploy over a vast area.

“These types of flights give our crews confidence in the system,” he said.

The squadron’s commanding officer, Wing Commander Chris Ross, said the flight gave crews the opportunity to gain valuable long-distance flying skills: “It’s a terrific achievement.”

The marathon flight had been a long time coming, with the capability signed off in 2023, but the opportunity hadn’t arisen until this year, said Squadron Leader Lachie Johnston, the NH90 flight commander.

“We knew the aircraft could do it and we knew the crews were appropriately trained,” Johnston said. “It’s not unheard of for helicopters to fly long trips, but this is a unique capability in the context of doing such long legs over large bodies of water.”

New Zealand defense leaders selected the European-designed NH90 in 2005 to replace the RNZAF’s UH-1 Iroquois, and eight have been in service since 2015, with a ninth serving as an extra.

About Nick Lee-Frampton

Nick Lee-Frampton is the New Zealand correspondent for Defense News.



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HMNZS Endeavour (A11), center, refuels the Royal New Zealand Navy frigate HMNZS Te Kaha (F77), left, and the Republic of Korean destroyer ROKS Choi Young (DDH 981)

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120720-O-ZZ999-017 PACIFIC OCEAN (July 20, 2012) The Royal New Zealand Navy fleet oiler HMNZS Endeavour (A11), center, refuels the Royal New Zealand Navy frigate HMNZS Te Kaha (F77), left, and the Republic of Korean destroyer ROKS Choi Young (DDH 981). Twenty-two nations, more than 40 ships and submarines, more than 200 aircraft and 25,000 personnel are participating in the biennial RIMPAC exercise from June 29 to Aug. 3, in and around the Hawaiian Islands. The world's largest international maritime exercise, RIMPAC provides a unique training opportunity that helps participants foster and sustain the cooperative relationships that are critical to ensuring the safety of sea lanes and security on the world's oceans. RIMPAC 2012 is the 23rd exercise in the series that began in 1971. (New Zealand Defence Force photo by LAC Amanda McErlich/Released)

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